Chloroform muaj qib chloroform nrog siab purity
Cov khoom
Colorless thiab pob tshab kua. Nws muaj zog refraction. Nws muaj ntxhiab tsw tshwj xeeb. Nws qab qab heev. Nws tsis hlawv yooj yim. Thaum raug tshav ntuj lossis oxidized hauv huab cua, nws maj mam tawg thiab tsim phosgene (carbyl chloride). Yog li ntawd, 1% ethanol feem ntau yog ntxiv los ua tus stabilizer. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau miscible nrog ethanol, ether, benzene, roj av ether, carbon tetrachloride, carbon disulfide thiab roj. IML yog soluble hauv li 200mL dej (25 ℃). Feem ntau yuav tsis hlawv, tab sis lub sij hawm ntev raug qhib nplaim taws thiab kub kub tseem tuaj yeem hlawv. Nyob rau hauv dej ntau dhau, lub teeb, kub kub yuav tshwm sim decomposition, tsim cov tshuaj lom thiab corrosive phosgene thiab hydrogen chloride. Cov hauv paus muaj zog xws li lye thiab potassium hydroxide tuaj yeem zom cov chloroform rau hauv chlorates thiab cov qauv. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm muaj zog alkali thiab dej, nws tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom tawg. Kev kub kub sib cuag nrog dej, corrosive, corrosion ntawm hlau thiab lwm yam hlau, corrosion ntawm plastics thiab roj hmab.
Txheej txheem
Cov kev lag luam trichloromethane tau ntxuav nrog dej kom tshem tawm ethanol, aldehyde thiab hydrogen chloride, thiab tom qab ntawd ntxuav nrog concentrated sulfuric acid thiab sodium hydroxide tov. Cov dej tau sim ua alkaline thiab ntxuav ob zaug. Tom qab ziab nrog anhydrous calcium chloride, distillation, kom tau cov ntshiab trichloromethane.
Cia
Chloroform yog cov tshuaj organic uas nquag siv los ua cov kuab tshuaj thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nruab nrab. Nws yog heev volatile, flammable thiab explosive. Yog li ntawd, nco ntsoov cov hauv qab no thaum khaws cia:
1. Cia ib puag ncig: Chloroform yuav tsum khaws cia rau hauv qhov chaw txias, qhuav thiab qhov cua zoo, kom deb ntawm tshav ntuj ncaj qha thiab kub siab. Qhov chaw cia yuav tsum nyob deb ntawm hluav taws kub, cua sov thiab oxidant, tawg-pov thawj cov chaw.
2. Ntim: Chloroform yuav tsum muab khaws cia rau hauv lub thawv airtight uas ruaj khov zoo, xws li cov iav fwj, lub raj mis yas lossis cov nruas hlau. Kev ncaj ncees thiab nruj ntawm cov ntim yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas tsis tu ncua. Chloroform ntim yuav tsum tau muab cais tawm ntawm nitric acid thiab alkaline tshuaj tiv thaiv kev tshwm sim.
3. Tiv thaiv tsis meej pem: chloroform yuav tsum tsis txhob tov nrog cov oxidant muaj zog, muaj zog acid, muaj zog hauv paus thiab lwm yam tshuaj kom tsis txhob muaj kev phom sij txaus ntshai. Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev khaws cia, thauj khoom, tshem tawm thiab siv, yuav tsum tau saib xyuas kom tsis txhob muaj kev sib tsoo, kev sib txhuam thiab kev co, kom tsis txhob muaj kev sib tsoo thiab kev sib tsoo.
4. Tiv thaiv hluav taws xob zoo li qub: Thaum lub sijhawm khaws cia, thauj khoom, tshem tawm thiab siv chloroform, tiv thaiv hluav taws xob zoo li qub. Kev ntsuas tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua, xws li hauv av, txheej, khoom siv antistatic, thiab lwm yam.
5. Kev txheeb xyuas daim ntawv lo: Lub thawv chloroform yuav tsum tau cim nrog cov ntawv qhia meej thiab kev txheeb xyuas, qhia hnub tim, lub npe, concentration, ntau thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv, txhawm rau pab txhawb kev tswj hwm thiab kev txheeb xyuas.
Siv
Kev txiav txim siab ntawm cobalt, manganese, iridium, iodine, phosphorus extraction agent. Kev txiav txim siab ntawm inorganic phosphorus, organic iav, rog, roj hmab resin, alkaloid, ciab, phosphorus, iodine hnyav hauv cov ntshav.
